Selvage motion



Dec. 5, 1950 H. COOPER 2,533,094

SELVAGE MOTION Filed. Nov. 24, 1948 2 Sheets-Sheet l 42 INVENTOR. HEN RYCOOPER 54 BY UM$W ATTORNEY H. COOPER SELVAGE MOTION Dec. 5, 1950 2Sheets-Sheet 2 Fil d NOV. 24, 1948 nnnmmn m & Q

ZNVENTOR. HENRY COOPER ATTORNEY Patented Dec. 5, 1950 SELVAGE MOTIONHenry Cooper, Haekensack, N. J., assignor, by mesne assignments, toSteel and Alloy Tank Company, Newark, N. J

Jersey a corporation of New Application November 24, 1948, Serial No.61,780

13 Claims.

' The-present invention relates to improvements in selvage motions forlooms.

In order to produce a selvage, it is necessary for the warp ends thatform the selvage at one end, to change shed position every time thefilling is thrown across at said end. When weaving cloth, in which somewarp ends change their shed position Only once in three or more picks,some arrangement in addition to the regular harnesses must be used inorder to form a satisfactory selvage. For'that purpose, the loom isprovided with harnesses at the selvages operatable independently of theregular harnesses. When it is desired to interlace the filling with theselvage ends every pick, a plain selvage motion is employed. For thatpurpose, the selvage motion comprises appropriate selvage cams operatingtreadles which change the selvage harnesses.

When cloth is being woven in which the filling does not interlace withthe selvage ends more than once in three or more picks, as in the casewith a five-harness sateen weave, some other arrangements must be used.If the warp ends in the cloth are interlacing with the filling only oncein five picks, sateen weave, and the selvage ends are interlacing atevery pick, contraction will be much greater at the selvage ends byreason of their more frequent interlacings with the fillings. As aresult, the selvage ends will become much tighter than the warp ends forthe body of the cloth and it will be difiicult to weave said cloth. Toovercome this difficulty, a tape-selvage motion is used. With thismotion, two picks of filling are placed in one shed of the selvage. onlyonce every two picks. To effect-this selvage forming operation, theselvage ends must change shed position each time the shuttle is on theside of said selvage. For that purpose, the two sets of selvage endsmust change alternately, the selvage ends on one side changing after onepick and the selvage ends on the other side changing after the nextpick. To accomplish this operation, a so called tape-selvage motion mustbe employed comprising appropriate selvage cams diiierent from the plainselvage cams.

One object of the present invention is to prO- vide a new and improvedselvage motion which is comparatively simple and reliable in operationand which can be converted quickly and easily to produce either a plainselvage or a tape-selvage, without disturbing the plain selvage cam orthe tape-selvage cam.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a new and improvedselvage motion Consequently, the selvage ends interlace 5 having meansby which the bearings for the selvage cam shaft may be adjusted intoproper alignment.

A further object of the present invention is to provide a selvage motionhaving new and improved means by w'hich the position of the selvageharnesses may be adjusted with respect to the cloth harnesses.

Various other objects are apparent from the following description andfrom an inspection of the accompanying drawings in which:

Fig. 1 is a front elevation of a portion of a loom and shows the selvagemotion embodying the present invention and setup for the production of atape-selvage;

Fig. 2 is an enlargement of a detail portion of the selvage motion shownin Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is a section of the selvage motion taken on lines 3-3 of Fig. 1but on a larger scale;

Fig. l is a sectionof the selvage motion taken on lines 4- of Fig. l buton a larger scale; and

Fig. 5 is asection of the selvage motion taken on the lines 55 of Fig. 1but on a larger scale and shown converted for plain selvage operation.

Referring to the drawings, the invention is shown applied to a loomhaving an arch iii between loomsides II, only the left-hand loomsidebeing shown (Fig. 1). The loomsides may be or" the double frame web typeshown and are interconnected by girts, a middle girt l2 in the form of achannel being shown.

Besides the ordinary cloth harness (not shown), the loom is provided ateach side with a selvage motion. Since the selvage motions are alike adescription of the selvage motion at the left side of the loom willsuffice. As shown in Fig. 1 the selvage motion includes selvageharnesses I3 and I4 through which the selvage ends are drawn, theseselvage harnesses being operated independently of said ordinaryharnesses, as will be described. The selvage harnesses i3 and I4 areinterconnected at their upper region by a flexible member l5 indicatedin the form of a chain trained over a sprocket wheel i5 and areinterconnected at their lower region by a similar flexible member I!trained over a sprocket wheel IS. The upper sprocket wheel I6 issupported for free rotation on a pin l9 extending from a clamp 29 andsecured thereto, as for example by a set screw 2|. The clamp 28 ismounted on a rod 22 which extends inwardly along the arch It, for asufiicient distance to provide for necessary positional adjustments ofclamp 2t, to support the selvage harnesses, and which is rigidlysupported in bracket 23 secured to said arch. The clamp 2G is of splitconstruction to permit its adjustment along the rod 22 and to varythereby the position of the selrage harnesses i3 and 54 according to thewidth of the cloth.

The sprocket wheel l8 in the lower region of the loom is similarlysupported for free rotation on a pin 24 extending. from a split clamp 25adjustably mounted on a rod 26, as in the upper region. The rod may besupported in any suitable manner (not shown).

The clamps 2d and 25 are not only adjustable along their supporting rods22 and 26 but are also angularly adjustable about said rods to adjustthe vertical position of the selvage harnesses l3 and I4 and the tensionon the chains l5 and H.

For reciprocating the selvage harnesses l3 and l 4 in oppositedirections on each side of the loom, there is provided a treadle 2!operated from a selvage cam, and having a connection to the nearestflight of the lower chain 11, as will be its end the pivot pin 34, asfor example by keying, to cause said treadle to be angularly actuatedabout the axis of said pivot pin through operation of appropriateselvage cams to be described. If desired, instead of the arrangementdescribed, the pivot pin 34 may be rigidly secured to the. bracket arm32 and the treadle 21 journalled on the projecting ends of said pin forpivotal rotation thereabout.

At its outer end, the treadle 2! has a connection with the nearestflight of the lower chain l7 comprising a rod 31 press-fitted into orotherwise rigidly secured at one end to said treadle end and secured atits othe end to one end of an arm 38. At this end, the arm 38 is in theform of a split clamp releasably embracing the rod 31 to permit it to beadjusted along said rod and at its other outer end, it is forked toflank opposite sides of the chain H and carries at said latter end a pin40 secured to a link M at one end of said chain.

To operate the treadle 2'1, there is provided a selvage cam shaft 42which is supported at one end near one side of the loom in a bearing 43carried at the lower end of an arm 44 forming a depending extension ofthe adjustable bracket 30 and which is similarly supported at its otherend near the other side of the loom. The selvage cam shaft 42 is drivenfrom a pick cam shaft 45 which is located on one side of the loom andwhich carries a pick cam 46 by which the shuttle is hurled through itspicking course from said side. A similar arrangement is provided forhurling the shuttle from the other side of the loom.

The pick cam shaft 45 on the left side of the loom may also carry amiter-gear 48 forming part of the take-up motion and carries a gear 50meshing with a gear 5| on the selvage cam shaft 42 to drive said selvagecam shaft.

Instead of two separate pick cam shafts on opposite sides of the loom, asingle pick cam shaft may be provided for both sides of the loom.

To adjust the position of the bearings 43 to, wards alignment, each ofthe brackets 30 is ad: justably secured to the girt l2. To that end, thebracket 30 has threaded therein in triangular iii relationship threehollow screws 55, each provided at one end with a square head 56 forreceiving a wrench. The screws are fastened to the girt !2 by bolts 51passing through respective screws. By loosening the bolts 51, the screws55 may be turned to cause or permit the bracket 30 to be moved towardsand away from the girt I2 and to cause thereby the bearing 43 carried bysaid bracket to be adjusted transversely of the axis of said bearing.

For operating the treadle 21 for production of a plain selvage or atape-selvage, there is mounted a pair of selvage plate cams and Bl neareach end of the selvage cam shaft 42 on opposite sides of thecorresponding bracket 30. The cam 60 is for plain selvage operation,while the cam 6| is for taperselvage operation. A follower roller 62 issupported for rotation on a stud B3 threaded into an arm of the bracketyoke 36 and bearing downwardly against the upper edge of thecorresponding selvage cam 60 or 61. Both yoke arms 84 and 65 of thebracket 30 are provided with tapped holes 66 to receive in either one ofsaid arms the stud 63, A washer 61 on said stud spaces the roller 62from the arm in which stud 63 is mounted to enable the roller 62 toengage selectively either one of the selvage cams 60 and 6|, accordingto the type of selvage to be produced.

'The roller 62 is maintained in follower engagement with the peripheryof either cam 69 or 5| by a coil spring 'Hl, one end of which isanchored to the upper bracket arm 3|, while the other end is secured tothe end of an arm H rigidly fastened to the pivot pin 34.

The pick cam shaft 45 on one side is operated to effect one pick perrevolution and the pick cam shaft on the other side is also operated toeffect one pick per revolution in alternate phase with the pick camshaft on said one side, so that two picks are produced in the loom forone revolution of each pick cam shaft. The speed ratio between the gears58 and 5| is two to one, so that the selvage cam shaft 42 rotatesthrough one revolution for every two revolutions of the pick cam shaft45, or for every four picks of the loom. The plain selvage cam 58 must,therefore, be de-. signed, as shown in Fig. 5, to reverse the selvageharnesses l3 and I4 four times for every revolution of the selvage camshaft 42, to produce a plain selvage. To that end, the plain selvage cam39 is symmetrically constructed with two similar diametrically opposedradially long sections 73 and two similar diametrically opposed radiallyshort sections 74 serving to raise or lower the selvage treadle 27 aboutits pivot supports directly after each pick and to change thereby theselvage harnesses l3 and M at every pick.

The tape-selvage cam BI is designed to place two picks of filling ineach shed of the selvage. For that purpose, the tape-se1vage cam 6|, asshown in Fig. 4, has one radially long section 75 and one radially shortsection 75, these being diametrically opposed and serving to raise orlower the treadle 2? about its pivot supports directly after eachalternate pick and to change thereby the selvage harnesses l3 and I4 ateach alternate pick. By setting the tape-selvage cams 6| on each end ofthe selvage cam shaft 42, so that one will operate after one pick andthe other after the next pick and by having the shuttle picking from theside on which the selvage is changing, it is possible to place two picksof filling in each shed of the selvage and yet tie the ends at eachpick.

In Figs. 1 and 4, the loom is shown set up for the production of atape-selvage. For that purpose, the roller 52 is mounted on the treadleyoke arm 65 for follower engagement with the tapeselvage cam 5| at eachside of the loom. When it is desired to switch over to the production ofa plain selvage, all that is necessary is to remove the cam followerroller 62 from the treadle yoke arm 65 and mount it on to the treadleyoke arm 64 into engagement with the periphery of the plain selvage cam65. The switch-over is easily and quickly effected without disturbingthe'position of the selvage cams 6D and 6| at each side.

While the invention has been described with particular reference to aspecific embodiment, it is to be understood that it is not to be limitedthereto but is to be construed broadly and restricted solely by thescope of the appended claims. 7

What is claimed is:

1. A selvage motion for a loom operatable to control the sheddingmovement of a plurality of selvage harnesses, comprising a plain selvagecam, a separate tape-selvage cam coaxial therewith, a treadle betweensaid cams for operating said selvage harnesses in their sheddingmovements, a cam follower, and means for removably supporting said camfollower on either side of said treadle in follower engagement witheither of said cams, to produce selectively either a plain selvage or atape-selvage.

2. A selvage motion for a loom operatable to control the sheddingmovement of a plurality of selvage harnesses, comprising a, selvage camshaft,

a plain selvage plate cam secured to said shaft, a

separate tape-selvage plate cam also secured to said shaft, a pivotedtreadle between said cams for operating said selvage harnesses in theirshedding movements, a cam follower roller, and means for removablysupporting said roller on either side of said treadle in followerengagement with the periphery of either of said cams, to produceselectively either a plain selvage or a tape-selvage.

3. A selvage motion for a loom operatable to control the sheddingmovement of a plurality of selvage harnesses, comprising a plain selvagecam, a, separate tape-selvage cam coaxial therewith, a pivoted treadlebetween said cams for operating said selvage harnesses in their sheddingmovements, said treadle being in the form of a yoke having its armslocated adjacent to said cams respectively, a cam follower, and meansfor removably supporting said cam follower on either yoke arm infollower engagement with either of said cams, to produce selectivelyeither a plain selvage or a tape-selvage.

4. A selvage motion for a loom operatable to control the sheddingmovement of a plurality of selvage harnesses, comprising a plain selvagecam, a separate tape-selvage cam coaxial therewith, a bracket mounted onthe frame structure of said loom, a treadle having a yoke section withits arms flanking said bracket and pivotally supported thereon, saidarms being located adjacent to said cams respectively, a cam follower,means for removably supporting said cam follower on either yoke arm infollower engagement with either of said cams, to produce a plain selvageor a tape-selvage, and connecting means between said treadle and saidselvage harnesses to operate said selvage harnesses in their sheddingmovement.

5. A selvage motion for a loom operatable to control the sheddingmovement of a plurality of selvage harnesses, comprising a bracketmounted on the frame structure of said loom, a selvage cam shaft havinga bearing support in said bracket, a plain selvage cam secured to saidshaft, a separate tape-selvage cam also secured to said shaft, a treadlepivotally supported on said bracket and located between said cams, a camfollower, means for removably supporting said cam follower on eitherside of said treadle in follower engagementwith either of said cams toproduce a plain selvage or tape-selvage, and connecting means betweensaid treadle and said selvage harnesses to operate said selvageharnesses in their shedding movement.

6. In a loom selvage motion, a frame structure, a bracket, a selvage camshaft, a bearing for said shaft supported on said bracket, a selvageharness operating treadle, a pivot bearing for said treadle supported onsaid bracket and extending with its axis substantially parallel to theaxis of said shaft bearing, and means adjustably supporting said bracketon said frame structure for movement of said hearings in unisontransversely of their axes.

7. In a m selvage motion, a selvage cam shaft, a frame structure, abracket, a bearing on said bracket for said shaft, a plain selvage camand a tape-selvage cam fastened to said shaft on opposite sides of saidbearing, and means adjustably supporting said bracket on said framestructure for movement of said bearing transversely of its axis.

8. In a loom selvage motion, a frame structure, a bracket, a selvage camshaft, a bearing on said bracket for said shaft, and means adjustablysupporting said bracket on said frame structure for movement of saidbearing transversely of its axis, and comprising three screws arrangedin triangular relationship.

9. In a loom selvage motion, a frame structure, a bracket, a selvage camshaft, a bearing on said bracket for said shaft, and means adjustablysupporting said bracket on said frame structure for movement of saidbearing transversely of its axis, and comprising a plurality of hollowscrews, each threaded into said bracket and each provided at one endwith a head shaped to receive a turning tool, and bolts passing throughsaid screws respectively and fastening said screws to said frame.

10. In a loom selvage motion, a girt, a bracket having upper and lowerarms straddling said girt, and havin a thirdarm extension, meansfastening said bracket to said girt, a selvage harness operatingtreadle, pivot bearing means for said treadle supported on said lowerbracket arm, a selvage cam shaft, a selvage cam on said shaft, a bearingfor said shaft on said arm extension, and spring means between saidupper arm and said treadle urging said treadle into follower engagementwith said selvage cam.

11. In a loom selvage motion, the combination as described in claim 10,said fastening means being adjustable to adjust the position of saidbracket with respect to said girt and to adjust thereby the position ofsaid pivot bearing and said shaft bearing transversely of their axes.

12. In a loom selvage motion, a pair of selvage harnesses on one side ofthe loom, a pair of upper and lower sprockets, an upper chain connectedto the upper ends of said harnesses and trained over the upper sprocket,a lower chain connected to the lower ends of said harnesses and trainedover the lower sprocket, means supporting said sprockets for adjustmentaxially across the loom to accommodate for adjustments in the positionsof said harnesses, a cam operated selvage treadle,

a rod; connected at one end to said treadle, and an arm releasablysecured to said rod for adjustment therealong and having a connection toa flight of the lower chain.

13. In a 100m selvage motion, an upper rod and a lower rod extendingcross-Wise of the loom and supported against rotation, an arm secured toeach of said rods and adjustable angularly thereabout, a rotatablewheel, carried at the outer end of each arm, a. pair of selvageharnesses, and a pair of flexible drive elements each secured to thecorresponding ends of said harnesses and passing over the correspondingwheel.

HENRY COOPER.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the file ofthis patent:-

Number Number 8; UNITED STATES: PATENTS Name Date Draper May 26, I903Belavance Feb. 23, 1909 Lavallee May 28, 1912 Northrop Apr. 27, 1926Howard Aug. 13, 1929 Watson Apr. 4, 1939 FOREIGN PATENTS Country DateGreat Britain of 189% Great Britain Sept. 14, 1922

